Privacy Rights/History/Country sources/Indonesia
What is the oldest written source in this country that mentions this right?
Indonesia
While the Republic of Indonesia’s Constitution does not explicitly mention privacy, it protects the right to communication in Article 28(f) and the right to security of oneself and one’s property in Article 28(g), concepts which are often in accordance with property rights (“State of Privacy,” 2019). However, separate laws in Indonesia have dealt with privacy rights, including the 1999 Law on Telecommunications. Article 40 of this law prohibits eavesdropping; Article 42(1) requires telecommunications providers to keep transmitted information confidential; and Article 42(2), Article 43, and Article 44 highlight the procedures for the state to gain information from telecommunications providers in criminal investigations. Additionally, protection of personal data and information has been included in a multitude of legislation in the past few decades, including but not limited to: the 1998 Banking Law, 1999 Consumer Protection Law, the 2008 Electronic Information and Transaction Law, and the 2009 Hospital Law (“State of Privacy,” 2019).
References:
“Constitution of Indonesia 1945 (reinst. 1959, rev. 2002)”. Constitute Project. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Indonesia_2002
“Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 36 of 1999 Regarding Telecommunications.” Department of Communications Directorate General of Post and Telecommunications. https://www.postel.go.id/content/EN/regulasi/telecommunication/uu/law36-1999.pdf
“State of Privacy in Indonesia”. 2019. Privacy International. https://www.privacyinternational.org/state-privacy/1003/state-privacy-indonesia