Pakistan

Pakistan

Right	Section	Contents
Freedom of Association	History	The following is from Part II, Chapter I, Section 17 of Pakistan’s current constitution ( 1973) . “Every citizen shall have the right to form associations or unions, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan, public order or morality.” “Every citizen, not being in the service of Pakistan, shall have the right to form or be a member of a political party, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan and such law shall provide that where the Federal Government declares that any political party has been formed or is operating in a manner prejudicial to the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan, the Federal Government shall, within fifteen days of such declaration, refer the matter to the Supreme Court whose decision on such reference shall be final.” A limited form of freedom of association is provided by the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, enacted shortly after Pakistan became a republic in 1956. Under Article 10, “every citizen shall have the right to form associations or unions, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of morality or public order.” “Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.” World Constitutions Illustrated, July 24, 2023, https://heinonline-org.ccl.idm.oclc.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.cow/zzpk0008&collection=cow.
Freedom of Expression	History	{{{contents}}}
Freedom of Religion	History	Part II Article 18(a) of the first Pakistani constitution of 1956 states that while Islam is the state religion, freedom of religion is conditionally protected: “Subject to law, public order and morality… every citizen shall have the right to profess, practice and propagate any religion…” (Hein Online). This continues to be protected in Part I Section 2 of the current constitution which was ratified in 1973 (constituteproject.org). “Pakistan 1973 (Reinst. 2002, Rev. 2018) Constitution.” Constitute. Accessed July 26, 2023. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Pakistan_2018. "Part II: Fundamental Rights." Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, pp. [27]-[37]. HeinOnline, https://heinonline-org.uc.idm.oclc.org/HOL/P?h=hein.cow/zzpk0008&i=34.
Freedom of the Press	History	Article 19 of Pakistan’s 1973 Constitution protects press freedom: “Every citizen shall have the right to freedom of speech and expression, and there shall be freedom of the press, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the glory of Islam or the integrity, security or defence of Pakistan or any part thereof, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, commission of or incitement to an offence" (Constitute Project, “ Pakistan’s Constitution of 1973, reinstated in 2002 with Amendments through 2018” ).
Privacy Rights	History	The 1973 constitution, reinstated in 2002, in Article 14 cites the inviolability of man’s dignity and privacy in the home as fundamental (Constitute Project, “Pakistan Constitution reinst. 2002, rev. 2018” ). https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Pakistan_ 2018? lang=en
Voting Rights and Suffrage	History	Article 51 states that an individual in Pakistan may vote if they are a citizen, are over the age of 18, are registered to vote, and have a sound mind. Members of the National Assembly are elected via direct and free suffrage. (Constitute Project, “ Pakistan’s Constitution of 1973, reinstated in 2002 with Amendments through 2018” ).