Slovakia

Slovakia

Right	Section	Contents
Freedom of Association	History	Of the 1920 Constitution of Czechoslovakia, Section V article 113 covers freedom of association. Slovakia and The Czech Republic became independent states in 1993 and the independent constitution came into force October 1, 1992. Freedom of Association is covered in Section 3, Article 29, as a Political right rather than a Fundamental Human Right or Freedom, which is covered by section 2. CONSTITUTION OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC. https://www.prezident.sk/upload-files/46422.pdf University of California Press. New York Times Current History. The Constitution of Czechoslovakia: Full Text of the Most Modern and Complete Instrument of Democratic Self-Government. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/45325393.pdf?refreqid=excelsior%3A4f1bbc1d288238311128e70a46ae2b12&ab_segments=&origin=&initiator=&acceptTC=1 CIA World Factbook. Slovakia. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/slovakia/#government
Freedom of Expression	History	The Constitution of the Slovak Republic was the first document in the country’s independent history to protect freedom of expression. This right was specifically expressed in Article 26, which also allows for limitations on expression as “necessary in a democratic society.” “Slovakia’s Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2017.” Constitute. Accessed July 12, 2023. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Slovakia_2017.pdf?lang=en
Freedom of Religion	History	Constitution Of The Slovak Republic The articles 12.2, 24, and 25.2 grant religious freedom, equality, and prohibit religious discrimination. Article 1 states that Slovakia is not bound by any religion. National Council of the Slovak Republic. “Constitution of the Slovak Republic.” President of the Slovak Republic. Last modified 2017. Accessed June 30, 2022. https://www.prezident.sk/upload-files/46422.pdf. The first assertion of the freedom of religion of the Slovak Republic is in the 1992 Constitution after the split of Czechoslovakia. The article 24 highlights the guarantees to the freedom of religion and indicates that the freedom may only be limited under lawful conditions of impeding on others religion. Assertions of the freedom of religion have existed in the domain of Slovakia including the 1920 Czechoslovakian constitution, the earliest instance would be the 1782 Edict of Tolerance as part of the Kingdom of Austria which included limited religious freedoms for certain religions and sects of Christianity. “Slovakia 1992 (Rev. 2017) Constitution - Constitute.” n.d. Www.constituteproject.org. Accessed August 4, 2023. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Slovakia_2017.
Freedom of the Press	History	As a part of Czechoslovakia, freedom of the press was protected by Article 113 of the 1920 Czechoslovakian Constitution: “Freedom of the Press as well as the right to assemble peaceably and without arms and to form associations is guaranteed” (Masarykova Univerzita, “The Constitutional charter of the Czechoslovak Republic”). Today, Article 26 of Slovakia’s 1992 Constitution protects press freedom: “Every person has the right to express his or her opinion in words, writing, print, images and any other means, and also to seek, receive and disseminate ideas and information both nationally and internationally. No approval process shall be required for publication of the press. Radio and television companies may be required to seek permission from the State authorities to set up private businesses. Further details shall be provided by law. Censorship shall be prohibited" (Constitute Project, “Slovakia’s Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2017” ).
Privacy Rights	History	Article 16(1) of the 1992 constitution states “The inviolability of the person and its privacy is guaranteed. It may be limited only in cases laid down by law” (Constitute Project, “Slovakia 1992 rev. 2017) . Sections 2 and 3 of Article 19 protect private life and data collection and publication (Constitute Project, “Slovakia 1992 rev. 2017) . Article 21 claims the home is inviolable, while Article 22 protects communications (Constitute Project, “Slovakia 1992 rev. 2017) . https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Slovakia_ 2017? lang=en
Voting Rights and Suffrage	History	Article 30 of Slovakia’s Constitution states that the right to vote granted to Slovakian citizens is universal, equal and direct. Additionally, it states that citizens have the right to vote for their national representatives and in municipal elections. The voting age in Slovakia is 18 years old. (Constitute Project, “Slovakia’s Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2017” ).